Card-not-present (CNP) fraud

Unlawful transactions performed without a bank card.

CNP transactions include online purchases and phone orders — that is, transactions in which the seller cannot verify whether the buyer has a card and must rely on the information they provide. Payment validation is made using the card number, validity period, name and surname of the owner, and CVC code.

Fraudulent CNP transactions use data for valid bank cards stolen through skimming or database hacking.